Mechanical turbulence from a direct stream causes shear stress at the air-liquid interface, which can denature the peptide's secondary structure or cause aggregation of hydrophobic segments
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1997;83:672-9
The question is not whether the mechanism makes sense but whether clinical trials will confirm the magnitude of benefit suggested by preclinical and early observational data
Lancet 1:289291 Sitta A, Vanzin CS, Biancini GB, Manfredini V, de Oliveira AB, Wayhs CA, Ribas GO, Giugliani L, Schwartz IV, Bohrer D, Garcia SC, Wajner M, Vargas CR (2011) Evidence that l-carnitine and selenium supplementation reduces oxidative stress in phenylketonuric patients