As of the time of writing, there is no high-quality randomised controlled trial establishing the efficacy of IV glutathione for cosmetic skin brightening in a way that would meet the standard required for regulatory approval
However, IOs can retain the expression characteristics of specific functional genes and transporters (such as GATA4, NHE3, and ENaC) in their original intestinal segment and accurately reflect the physiological relevance of primary tissues (Middendorp et al., 2014)
Liposomal L-Glutathione Yeast Extract 34.22% (Netherlands / Yeast Extract, Lecithin), Pullulan, Liposomal Vitamin C Blend (Vitamin C, Sunflower Lecithin), Modified Starch, Enzyme-Treated Stevia (Sweetener), Lemon Juice Powder [Dextrin, Lemon Juice (Lemon 100% USA), Gum Arabic, Citric Acid, Flavor], Milk Thistle Extract Powder (USA), Beta-Cyclodextrin, Natural Flavor (Lemon Flavor), MCT Powder, Vitamin E, Gardenia Yellow Color, Polysorbate 80, L-Cysteine Hydrochloride, Glycerin, Citric Acid, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose
doi: 10.1128/mSystems.00169-16 52