Through the cleavage of the C-terminal dipeptide, ACE alters the molecular structure of bradykinin in KKS, causing a loss of function that results in vasoconstriction and elevated blood pressure
Inclusion criteria encompassed all studies employing in vitro models (e.g., fibroblast proliferation, keratinocyte migration, collagen synthesis assays), in vivo studies using animal models for wound healing assessments, clinical trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of tripeptides in human subjects, and studies utilizing molecular, biochemical, or histological analyses to determine the mechanisms of tripeptides in wound recovery
they are short chains of amino acids that play different roles in the body
FDA's own scientists recommended against it, citing inadequate physicochemical characterization, immunogenicity risk from aggregation and peptide-related impurities, and insufficient evidence of effectiveness